This episode will discuss how by 1900, China had been divided into Spheres of Influence after agreeing to several so-called “unequal treaties” with several European countries, the United States, and Japan. By that time, they were halfway through what they called their “century of humiliation.” India, once the leading global exporter of cotton textiles, had become a de-industrialized society and was now a British colony devoted to the growth of cash crops. According to historian Robert Marks, by the early 1800s, India had now contributed about 2% of world manufacturing output, China 7%, and Europe and the United States combined for 80%. Western militaries now dominated those of the rest of the world and it was necessary for non-westerners to rethink their ways or fall behind.
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World History Class with Mr. Lutz 